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Base station

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 20:25:39 GMT

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	* a [[wireless telephone system]] such as [[cellular]] [[CDMA]] or [[GSM]].		* a [[wireless telephone system]] such as [[cellular]] [[CDMA]] or [[GSM]].

-	The BS is the [[node]] that logically connects fixed and mobile subscriber stations to [[operator network]]s. The BS governs access to the [[operator network]]s and maintains communications with client [[device]]s. A BS consists of the infrastructure elements necessary to enable [[wireless communication]]s, i.e., [[antenna]]s, [[transceiver]]s, and other [[electromagnetic wave]] transmitting equipment. BSs are typically fixed [[node]]s, but in certain environments, they may also be considered [[mobile]].	+	The BS is the [[node]] that logically connects fixed and mobile subscriber stations to [[operator network]]s. The BS governs access to the [[operator network]]s and maintains communications with client [[device]]s. A BS consists of the infrastructure elements necessary to enable [[wireless communication]]s, i.e., [[antenna]]s, [[transceiver]]s, and other [[electromagnetic wave]] transmitting equipment. BSs are typically fixed [[node]]s, but in certain environments, they may also be considered [[mobile]]. A BS also serves as a [[master relay-base station]] in the [[multi-hop relay topology]].
	[[Category:Telecommunications]]		[[Category:Telecommunications]]
	[[Category:Wireless]]		[[Category:Wireless]]

Subscriber station

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 20:24:29 GMT

Created page with 'The '''Subscriber station''' ('''SS''') is a fixed wireless node. An SS typically communicates only with base stations, except for [[multi-hop relay network operation…'

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The '''Subscriber station''' ('''SS''') is a fixed [[wireless]] [[node]]. An SS typically communicates only with [[base station]]s, except for [[multi-hop relay network operations]]. SSs are available in both outdoor and indoor models.
[[Category:Telecommunications]]
[[Category:Wireless]]

BS

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 20:21:45 GMT

Redirected page to Base station

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#redirect[[Base station]]
[[Category:Acronyms]]

WiMAX

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 18:08:17 GMT

Fundamental WiMAX concepts:

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	WiMAX has four fundamental architectural components:		WiMAX has four fundamental architectural components:

-	* Base Station (BS). The BS is the node that logically connects wireless subscriber devices to operator networks. The BS maintains communications with subscriber devices and governs access to the operator networks. A BS consists of the infrastructure elements necessary to enable wireless communications, i.e., antennas, transceivers, and other electromagnetic wave transmitting equipment. BSs are typically fixed nodes, but they may also be used as part of mobile solutions—for example, a BS may be affixed to a vehicle to provide communications for nearby WiMAX devices. A BS also serves as a Master Relay-Base Station in the multi-hop relay topology.	+	* [[Base station]] ([[BS]])
-	* Subscriber Station (SS). The SS is a fixed wireless node. An SS typically communicates only with BSs, except for multi-hop relay network operations (described in Section 2.2). SSs are available in both outdoor and indoor models.	+	* [[Subscriber station]] ([[SS]])
-	* Mobile Subscriber (MS). Defined in IEEE 802.16e-2005, MSs are wireless nodes that work at vehicular speeds and support enhanced power management modes of operation. MS devices are typically small and self-powered, e.g., laptops, cellular phones, and other portable electronic devices.	+	* [[Mobile subscriber]] ([[MS]])
-	* Relay Station (RS). Defined in IEEE 802.16j-2009, RSs are SSs configured to forward traffic to other RSs, SSs, or MSs in a multi-hop Security Zone.	+	* [[Relay station]] ([[RS]])

	== References ==		== References ==

LOS

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 18:04:38 GMT

Redirected page to Line-of-sight

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Hi from new colleague

Eulalia459678 — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 17:56:03 GMT

deleted "[[Hi from new colleague]]" spam

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WiMAX

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 16:27:45 GMT

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		+	== Overview ==
		+
	'''WiMAX''' (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a registered trademark term promoted by the Wi MAX Forum, a group of wireless Internet hardware and software providers that certify “802.16” products for network interoperability.<ref>''See generally'' Wi MAX Forum, Welcome to the Wi MAX Forum (2006).[http://www.wimaxforum.org/home]</ref> WiMAX refers to any device using the IEEE 802.16 standard for [[wireless metropolitan area network]]ing and operates on the same general principles as [[Wi-Fi]] by allowing [[communication]] between WiMAX-enabled devices and providing them with a gateway to the [[Internet]].		'''WiMAX''' (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a registered trademark term promoted by the Wi MAX Forum, a group of wireless Internet hardware and software providers that certify “802.16” products for network interoperability.<ref>''See generally'' Wi MAX Forum, Welcome to the Wi MAX Forum (2006).[http://www.wimaxforum.org/home]</ref> WiMAX refers to any device using the IEEE 802.16 standard for [[wireless metropolitan area network]]ing and operates on the same general principles as [[Wi-Fi]] by allowing [[communication]] between WiMAX-enabled devices and providing them with a gateway to the [[Internet]].

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	With its wide range coverage and tower-to-tower connection, WiMAX is capable of delivering [[last mile]] [[broadband]] to remote rural areas. Providers tout WiMAX delivery of [[broadband]] at 75 [[mbps]], under ideal circumstances, and reach up to 30 miles.<ref>''See'' FCC, "Inquiry Concerning the Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability to All Americans in a Reasonable and Timely Fashion, and Possible Steps to Accelerate Such Deployment Pursuant to Section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996," GN Docket No. 07-45, Notice of Inquiry, 22 FCC Rcd 7816, 7823 n.30 (2007).</ref> In contrast, the Wi-Fi/802.11 [[wireless]] [[local area network]] standard is limited in most cases to only 100-300 feet. WiMAX operates on both licensed and unlicensed frequencies. The 802.16 standard specifies a range of operating frequencies from 2 to 66 GHz.		With its wide range coverage and tower-to-tower connection, WiMAX is capable of delivering [[last mile]] [[broadband]] to remote rural areas. Providers tout WiMAX delivery of [[broadband]] at 75 [[mbps]], under ideal circumstances, and reach up to 30 miles.<ref>''See'' FCC, "Inquiry Concerning the Deployment of Advanced Telecommunications Capability to All Americans in a Reasonable and Timely Fashion, and Possible Steps to Accelerate Such Deployment Pursuant to Section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996," GN Docket No. 07-45, Notice of Inquiry, 22 FCC Rcd 7816, 7823 n.30 (2007).</ref> In contrast, the Wi-Fi/802.11 [[wireless]] [[local area network]] standard is limited in most cases to only 100-300 feet. WiMAX operates on both licensed and unlicensed frequencies. The 802.16 standard specifies a range of operating frequencies from 2 to 66 GHz.
		+
		+	== Fundamental WiMAX concepts ==
		+
		+	WiMAX has four fundamental architectural components:
		+
		+	* Base Station (BS). The BS is the node that logically connects wireless subscriber devices to operator networks. The BS maintains communications with subscriber devices and governs access to the operator networks. A BS consists of the infrastructure elements necessary to enable wireless communications, i.e., antennas, transceivers, and other electromagnetic wave transmitting equipment. BSs are typically fixed nodes, but they may also be used as part of mobile solutions—for example, a BS may be affixed to a vehicle to provide communications for nearby WiMAX devices. A BS also serves as a Master Relay-Base Station in the multi-hop relay topology.
		+	* Subscriber Station (SS). The SS is a fixed wireless node. An SS typically communicates only with BSs, except for multi-hop relay network operations (described in Section 2.2). SSs are available in both outdoor and indoor models.
		+	* Mobile Subscriber (MS). Defined in IEEE 802.16e-2005, MSs are wireless nodes that work at vehicular speeds and support enhanced power management modes of operation. MS devices are typically small and self-powered, e.g., laptops, cellular phones, and other portable electronic devices.
		+	* Relay Station (RS). Defined in IEEE 802.16j-2009, RSs are SSs configured to forward traffic to other RSs, SSs, or MSs in a multi-hop Security Zone.

	== References ==		== References ==

Wireless metropolitan area network

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 13:02:41 GMT

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-	#redirect[[wireless metropolitan area network]]	+	A '''wireless metropolitan area network''' ('''WMAN''') is a form of [[wireless]] networking that has an intended coverage area — a range — of approximately the size of a city. A WMAN spans a larger area than a [[wireless local area network]] ([[WLAN]]) but smaller than a [[wireless wide area network]] ([[WWAN]]). A WMAN is typically owned by a single entity such as an [[Internet service provider]] ([[ISP]]), government entity, or large corporation. [[Access]] to a WMAN is usually restricted to [[authorized user]]s or subscriber devices. [[WiMAX]] is the most widely used form of WMAN.
		+	[[Category:Telecommunications]]
		+	[[Category:Wireless]]

WMAN

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:59:57 GMT

Redirected page to Wireless metropolitan area network

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Wireless metropolitan area network

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:59:29 GMT

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WWAN

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:55:25 GMT

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WMAN

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:54:53 GMT

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TEK

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:54:19 GMT

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SZ

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:53:35 GMT

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SS

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:52:50 GMT

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RS

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:52:05 GMT

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PN

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:51:00 GMT

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-	#redirect[[Public Notice]]	+	The acronym '''PN''' refers to:
		+
		+	* [[packet number]]
		+	* [[Public Notice]]
	[[Category:Acronyms]]		[[Category:Acronyms]]

PMP

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:49:50 GMT

Created page with 'The acronym '''PMP''' refers to: * point-to-multipoint * portable media player Category:Acronyms'

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The acronym '''PMP''' refers to:

* [[point-to-multipoint]]
* [[portable media player]]
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OFB

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:47:47 GMT

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NLOS

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:47:16 GMT

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MSK

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:46:11 GMT

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MITM

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:45:09 GMT

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MIMO

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:44:31 GMT

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MIB

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:43:54 GMT

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MAN

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:43:10 GMT

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LOS

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:42:27 GMT

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EIK

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:41:13 GMT

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ECB

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:40:38 GMT

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EAP

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:40:04 GMT

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-	#redirect[[Extensible Access Protocol]]	+	The acronym '''EAP''' refers to:
		+
		+	* [[Extensible Access Protocol]]
		+	* [[Extensible Authentication Protocol]]
	[[Category:Acronyms]]		[[Category:Acronyms]]

AKID

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:39:01 GMT

Redirected page to Authorization key identifier

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AK

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:38:16 GMT

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Regional Information Sharing Systems

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:35:40 GMT

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-	The '''[http://www.rissinfo.com/overview2.htm Regional Information Sharing Systems]''' ('''RISS''') Program is an established system of six regional centers that are used to “share intelligence and coordinate efforts against criminal networks that operate in many locations across jurisdictional lines.”<ref>A detailed description of RISS is available [http://www.iir.com/riss here] and [http://www.rissinfo.com here].</ref> The RISS Program is used to combat traditional law enforcement targets, such as drug trafficking and violent crime, as well as other activities, such as [[terrorism]] and [[cybercrime]]. According to its [[website]], RISS has been in operation for nearly 25 years, and has “member agencies in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories, Australia, Canada, and England.”	+	The '''[http://www.rissinfo.com/overview2.htm Regional Information Sharing Systems]''' ('''RISS''') Program is a federally funded program administered by the U.S. [[Department of Justice]], Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Assistance. RISS serves more than 8,100 member law enforcement agencies in 50 States, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The program comprises six regional centers that are used to “share intelligence and coordinate efforts against criminal networks that operate in many locations across jurisdictional lines.”<ref>A detailed description of RISS is available [http://www.iir.com/riss here] and [http://www.rissinfo.com here].</ref>
		+
		+	Typical targets of RISS activities are [[terrorism]], drug trafficking, violent crime, [[cybercrime]], gang activity, and organized criminal activities. The majority of the member agencies are at the municipal and county levels; however, more than 485 State agencies and more than 920 Federal agencies also participate. The [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], [[FBI]], U.S. Attorneys’ Offices, [[Internal Revenue Service]], [[U.S. Secret Service]], U.S. [[Immigration and Customs Enforcement]], and the [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives]] are among the Federal agencies participating in the RISS program.

	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
	[[Category:Data]]		[[Category:Data]]
		+	[[Category:Security]]
		+	[[Category:Cybercrime]]

Executive Order 12472

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:28:51 GMT

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-	'''Citation:''' Executive Order 12472 (1984).	+	In 1984, '''Executive Order 12472,''' Assignment of National Security and Emergency Preparedness Telecommunications Functions (amended by Executive Order 13286, Feb. 28, 2003), re-chartered the [[National Communication System]] ([[NCS]]) as those [[telecommunication]] assets owned or leased by the Federal government that can meet U.S. national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) needs. It assigned National Security and Emergency Preparedness telecommunications functions, including wartime and non-wartime emergency functions, to the [[National Security Council]], [[OSTP]], [[Homeland Security Council]], [[OMB]], and other federal agencies.

-	{{stub}}	+	This Executive Order seeks to ensure that the Federal Government has [[telecommunications]] services that will function under all conditions, including emergency situations. It directs the [[NCS]] to assist the President, the [[National Security Council]], the [[Homeland Security Council]], the Director of [[OSTP]], and the Director of the [[OMB]] in: (1) exercising the [[telecommunications]] functions and responsibilities set forth in the Executive Order; and (2) coordinating the planning for and provision of NS/EP communications for the Federal Government under all circumstances, including a crisis or emergency, an [[attack]], [[recovery]], and [[reconstitution]].
-
-
-	In 1984, '''Executive Order 12472''' re-chartered the [[National Communication System]] ([[NCS]]) as those [[telecommunication]] assets owned or leased by the Federal government that can meet U.S. [[national security]] and emergency preparedness needs.

	Executive Order 12472 established a joint government-industry [[National Coordinating Center]] to assist in the initiation, coordination, restoration and reconstitution of [[communications services]] or facilities under all conditions of crisis or emergency.		Executive Order 12472 established a joint government-industry [[National Coordinating Center]] to assist in the initiation, coordination, restoration and reconstitution of [[communications services]] or facilities under all conditions of crisis or emergency.
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	The [[Department of Homeland Security]] inherited the [[NCS]] in 2003.		The [[Department of Homeland Security]] inherited the [[NCS]] in 2003.
	[[Category:Telecommunications]]		[[Category:Telecommunications]]
		+	[[Category:Security]]

Executive Order 12382

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:21:37 GMT

Created page with ''''Executive Order 12382''' (amended by Executive Order 13286, Feb. 28, 2003) created the President’s National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee, which provide…'

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'''Executive Order 12382''' (amended by Executive Order 13286, Feb. 28, 2003) created the President’s [[National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee]], which provides to the President, through the [[Secretary of Homeland Security]], [[information]] and advice from the perspective of the [[telecommunications industry]] with respect to the implementation of the [[National Security Telecommunications Policy]].
[[Category:Telecommunications]]
[[Category:Security]]

NIAC

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:16:35 GMT

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-	#redirect[[National Infrastructure Assurance Council]]	+	The acronym '''NIAC''' can refer to:

		+	* [[National Infrastructure Advisory Council]]
		+	* [[National Infrastructure Assurance Council]]
	[[Category:Acronyms]]		[[Category:Acronyms]]

National Infrastructure Assurance Council

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:15:34 GMT

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-	{{stub}}
-
-
	The [[Presidential Decision Directive No. 63]] ([[PDD-63]]) established the '''National Infrastructure Assurance Council.''' The Council was to be a panel that included private operators of [[infrastructure]] assets and officials from state and local government officials and relevant federal agencies. The Council was to meet periodically and provide reports to the President as appropriate. The National Coordinator was to act as the Executive Director of the Council.		The [[Presidential Decision Directive No. 63]] ([[PDD-63]]) established the '''National Infrastructure Assurance Council.''' The Council was to be a panel that included private operators of [[infrastructure]] assets and officials from state and local government officials and relevant federal agencies. The Council was to meet periodically and provide reports to the President as appropriate. The National Coordinator was to act as the Executive Director of the Council.
-
	[[Category:Government entity]]		[[Category:Government entity]]
	[[Category:Security]]		[[Category:Security]]

National Infrastructure Advisory Council

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:14:52 GMT

Created page with 'Executive Order 13231 (as amended by Executive Order 13286 of February 28, 2003, and Executive Order 13385 of September 29, 2005) established the '''National Infrastr…'

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[[Executive Order 13231]] (as amended by [[Executive Order 13286]] of February 28, 2003, and [[Executive Order 13385]] of September 29, 2005) established the '''National Infrastructure Advisory Council''' ('''NIAC''') as the President’s principal advisory panel on [[CIKR]] protection issues spanning all sectors. The NIAC is composed of not more than 30 members, appointed by the President, who are selected from the private sector, academia, and State and local governments, representing senior executive leadership expertise from the [[CIKR]] areas as delineated in [[HSPD-7]].
[[Category:Government entity]]
[[Category:Security]]

Executive Order 13231

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:10:20 GMT

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-	{{stub}}	+	== Overview ==

		+	In October 2001, President Bush signed '''[http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/01/20030124.html Executive Order 13231]''' establishing the [[President’s Critical Infrastructure Protection Board]] to coordinate [[cyber]]-related federal efforts and programs associated with protecting our nation’s [[critical infrastructure]]s. Executive Order 13231 tasked the board with recommending policies and coordinating programs for protecting [[critical infrastructure protection]] ([[CIP]])-related [[information system]]s. The Special Advisor to the President for Cyberspace Security chaired the board.

-	In October 2001, President Bush signed '''[http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/01/20030124.html Executive Order 13231]''' establishing the [[President’s Critical Infrastructure Protection Board]] to coordinate cyber-related federal efforts and programs associated with protecting our nation’s critical infrastructures. Executive Order 13231 tasked the board with recommending policies and coordinating programs for protecting critical infrastructure protection (CIP)-related information systems. The Special Advisor to the President for Cyberspace Security chaired the board.	+	This Executive Order provides specific policy direction to ensure the protection of [[information system]]s for [[critical infrastructure]], including emergency preparedness communications, and the physical assets that support such systems. It recognizes the important role that [[networked information system]]s ([[critical information infrastructure]]) play in supporting all aspects of our civil society and economy, and the increasing degree to which other [[critical infrastructure]] sectors have become dependent on such [[system]]s.

-	The executive order also established ten standing committees to support the board’s work on a wide range of critical information. According to EO 13231, the board’s responsibilities were to recommend policies and coordinate programs for	+	It formally establishes as U.S. policy the need to protect against disruption of the operation of these systems and to ensure that any disruptions that do occur are infrequent, of minimal duration, manageable, and cause the least damage possible. This Executive Order specifically calls for the implementation of the policy to include “a voluntary public-private partnership, involving corporate and nongovernmental organizations.” This Executive Order also reaffirms existing authorities and responsibilities assigned to various executive branch agencies and interagency committees to ensure the security and integrity of Federal information systems generally and of national security information systems in particular.
-	protecting information systems for critical infrastructures, including emergency preparedness communications and the physical assets that support such systems. The Special Advisor reported to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and to the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and coordinated with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy on issues relating to private-sector systems and economic effects and with the Director of OMB on issues relating to budgets and the security of federal computer systems.

-	Executive Order 13231 emphasized the importance of CIP and the information sharing and analysis centers (ISACs), but didi not identify any additional requirements for agencies to protect their critical infrastructures or suggested additional activities for the ISACs.	+	The Executive Order established ten standing committees to support the board’s work on a wide range of critical information. According to EO 13231, the board’s responsibilities were to recommend policies and coordinate programs for
		+	protecting [[information system]]s for [[critical infrastructure]]s, including emergency preparedness communications and the physical assets that support such systems. The Special Advisor reported to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and to the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and coordinated with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy on issues relating to private-sector systems and economic effects and with the Director of [[OMB]] on issues relating to budgets and the security of federal computer systems.

		+	Executive Order 13231 emphasized the importance of [[CIP]] and the [[information sharing and analysis center]]s ([[ISAC]]s), but did not identify any additional requirements for agencies to protect their [[critical infrastructure]]s or suggested additional activities for the [[ISAC]]s.
	[[Category:Security]]		[[Category:Security]]

Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:04:06 GMT

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-	In January 2008, the President issued '''Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23''' — also referred to as National Security Presidential Directive 54 and the President’s “Cyber Initiative” — to improve the federal government’s [[cybersecurity]] efforts, including protecting against [[intrusion]] attempts and better anticipating future [[threat]]s.<ref>The White House, National Security Presidential Directive 54/Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23 (Jan. 8, 2008).</ref>	+	In January 2008, the President issued '''Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23''' — also referred to as National Security Presidential Directive 54 and the President’s “Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative” — to improve the federal government’s [[cybersecurity]] efforts, including protecting against [[intrusion]] attempts and better anticipating future [[threat]]s.<ref>The White House, National Security Presidential Directive 54/Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23 (Jan. 8, 2008).</ref>

	While the directive is a classified document, [[US-CERT]] officials stated that it includes steps to enhance [[cyber analysis]] related efforts, such as requirements that federal agencies implement a centralized monitoring tool and that the federal government reduce the number of connections to the [[Internet]], referred to as [[Trusted Internet Connection]]s.		While the directive is a classified document, [[US-CERT]] officials stated that it includes steps to enhance [[cyber analysis]] related efforts, such as requirements that federal agencies implement a centralized monitoring tool and that the federal government reduce the number of connections to the [[Internet]], referred to as [[Trusted Internet Connection]]s.

National Strategy for Homeland Security

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 12:00:21 GMT

2007 strategy:

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	== 2007 strategy ==		== 2007 strategy ==

-	The 2007 National Strategy for Homeland Security builds on the first National Strategy for Homeland Security and complements both the National Security Strategy issued in March 2006 and the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism issued in September 2006. It reflects the increased understanding of [[threat]]s confronting the United States, incorporates lessons learned from exercises and [[real-world]] catastrophes, and addresses ways to ensure long-term success by strengthening the [[homeland security]] foundation that has been built.	+	The 2007 National Strategy for Homeland Security builds on the first National Strategy for Homeland Security and complements both the National Security Strategy issued in March 2006 and the National Strategy for Combating Terrorism issued in September 2006. It reflects the increased understanding of [[threat]]s confronting the United States, incorporates lessons learned from exercises and [[real-world]] catastrophes, and addresses ways to ensure long-term success by strengthening the [[homeland security]] foundation that has been built. It serves to guide, organize, and unify our nation’s [[homeland security]] efforts. It is a national strategy (not a federal strategy) that articulates the approach to secure the homeland over the next several years. It reflects the increased understanding of [[threat]]s confronting the United States, incorporates lessons learned from exercises and real-world catastrophes, and addresses ways to ensure long-term success by strengthening the [[homeland security]] foundation that has been built.

	== Graphic summary of U.S. strategy ==		== Graphic summary of U.S. strategy ==

User talk:94.23.238.142

Wikia — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 11:56:03 GMT

welcoming new contributor

New page

==Welcome==
Hi, welcome to The IT Law Wiki. Thanks for your edit to the [[:Hi from new colleague]] page.

'''[[Special:Userlogin|Please sign in and create a user name]]'''. It's an easy way to keep track of your contributions and helps you communicate with the rest of the community.

Please leave a message on [[User talk:Mdscott|my talk page]] if I can help with anything! -- [[User:Mdscott|Mdscott]] ([[User_talk:Mdscott|Talk]]) 11:56, November 21, 2009

Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004

Mdscott — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 05:31:17 GMT

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	'''Citation:''' Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Protection Act of 2004, Pub. L. No. 108-458 (Dec. 17, 2004).		'''Citation:''' Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Protection Act of 2004, Pub. L. No. 108-458 (Dec. 17, 2004).
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	== Overview ==		== Overview ==

-	The '''Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Protection Act''' ('''IRTPA''') was passed largely in response to recommendations from the [[National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States]] (the [[9/11 Commission]]), which investigated the September 11, 2001 [[terrorist]] attacks. The Commission recognized that before the attacks of September 11, 2001, federal agencies had been unable to effectively share information about suspected [[terrorist]]s and their activities. In addressing this problem, the [[9/11 Commission]] recommended that the sharing and uses of information be guided by a set of practical policy guidelines that would simultaneously empower and constrain officials, closely circumscribing what types of information they would be permitted to share as well as the types of information they would need to protect.	+	The '''Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Protection Act''' ('''IRTPA''') was passed largely in response to recommendations from the [[National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States]] (the [[9/11 Commission]]), which investigated the September 11, 2001 [[terrorist]] attacks. The Commission recognized that before the attacks of September 11, 2001, federal agencies had been unable to effectively share information about suspected [[terrorist]]s and their activities. In addressing this problem, the [[9/11 Commission]] recommended that the sharing and uses of information be guided by a set of practical policy guidelines that would simultaneously empower and constrain officials, closely circumscribing what types of information they would be permitted to share as well as the types of information they would need to protect. This Act provided for sweeping changes to the U.S. [[Intelligence Community]] structure and processes, and creates new systems that are specially designed to combat [[terrorism]].
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		+	Among other actions, the Act:
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		+	* Establishes a [[Director of National Intelligence]] with specific budget, oversight, and programmatic authority over the [[Intelligence Community]];
		+	* Establishes the [[National Intelligence Council]] and redefines “[[national intelligence]]”;
		+	* Requires the establishment of a secure [[ISE]] and an [[information-sharing]] council;
		+	* Establishes a [[National Counterterrorism Center]], a National Counterproliferation Center, [[National Intelligence Center]]s, and a [[Joint Intelligence Community Council]];
		+	* Establishes, within the [[EOP]], a [[Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board]];
		+	* Requires the [[Director of the FBI]] to continue efforts to improve the intelligence capabilities of the [[FBI]] and to develop and maintain, within the [[FBI]], a national [[intelligence]] workforce;
		+	* Directs improvements in security clearances and clearance processes;
		+	* Requires DHS to: develop and implement a National Strategy for Transportation Security and transportation modal security plans; enhance identification and credentialing of transportation workers and law enforcement officers; conduct R&D into mass identification technology, including biometrics; enhance passenger screening and terrorist watch lists; improve measures for detecting weapons and explosives; improve security related to the air transportation of cargo; and implement other aviation security measures;
		+	* Directs enhancements to maritime security;
		+	* Directs enhancements in border security and immigration matters;
		+	* Enhances law enforcement authority and capabilities, and expands certain diplomatic, foreign aid, and military authority and capabilities for combating terrorism;
		+	* Requires expanded machine-readable visas with biometric data; implementation of a biometric entry and exit system, and a registered traveler program; and implementation of biometric or other secure passports;
		+	* Requires standards for birth certificates and driver’s licenses or personal identification cards issued by States for use by Federal agencies for identification purposes and enhanced regulations for social security cards;
		+	* Requires DHS to improve preparedness nationally, especially measures to enhance interoperable communications and to report on vulnerability and risk assessments of the Nation’s CIKR; and
		+	* Directs measures to improve assistance to and coordination with State, local, and private sector entities.

	== Requirements ==		== Requirements ==
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	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />
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	[[Category:Legislation]]		[[Category:Legislation]]
	[[Category:Privacy]]		[[Category:Privacy]]

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